Carbureter.



o. c. B. MORRIS.

Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.v

WTNESSES! `c. c. B. MORRIS.

GARBUBETER.

ArPLIoATIoN FILED 1113.5, 191s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l v '//vvE/vro/e g Patented Deo.2, 1913.

CYRIL CLARKE BOVI'ILLE MORRIS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

CARBUEETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led February 5, 1913. Serial No. 746,332. v

Tb all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYRIL CLARKE BoviLLE MORRIS, of Ridgmount Gardens, Chenies street, London, England, engineer,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Carbureters for Internal-Combustion Engines,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters for internal combustion engines of the type in which a floating valve, that is to say, a valve held on its seat by its own weight', in the mixture stream controls the fuel supply by a taper needle or like valve, and especially to carbureters for use with fuel heavier' than petrol, .and has for its object to provide an improved carbureter Iand arrangement -of parts.

This invention consists in a carbureter of the kind referred to, and having a main air supply and an auxiliary air supply in which the formationof the initial mixture, and the addition to it of auxiliary air, are effected before passage through the floating valve.

This invention also consists in the improvements in and relating to carbureters hereinafter indicated. f

The drawings filed herewith show one form of carbureter according to this invention Figure l is a sectional front elevation; Fig. 2 is a side elevation; Fig. 3 is an end elevation; and Fig. 4 is a detail of a second form of carbureter according to` this invention.

a. is a casing provided with a valve seat b, c is the main air inlet and air passage, cl is the out-let for the carbureted air to a heating device which may be of any suitable pattern as for instance, a. coil a in the exhaust manifold of the engine; e is the inlet for the heated carbureted air to mixing chamber f; gare auxiliary air inlets; h the controlling valve for auxiliary air; j is a. weighted valve'adapted to rest on the seat 5,' and havingV a stem 7c working in a guide m; n is a tapered pin attached to the stem lc and working through an orifice 0 in the cap p; g is a. plunger working in a cylinder r, and forming a fuel reservoir and a dashpot; s is the inlet for liquid fuel supplied at say two to four pounds per sq. inch pressure when usin heavy oil.

The dashpot Wor :s in the supply of fuel under pressure.- The 'fuel canv easily pass through ports in the plunger,

so that the posit-ion or movement of the plunger cannot faffect the flow of fuel to the jet or sp1-'ay4 to any appreciable extent.

The controlling valve k for the auxiliary air supply is connected by a linkt to an arm t for actuating the. throttle valve fu. `w is the induction pipe.

In operation, liquidfuel is forced through the inlet s under pressure independently of the suction of the engine tothe dash ot cylinder r, the pressure being prefera ly underk the-control of the driver, and passes out through the orifice o in a fine spray at riht angles to the main a-ir supply, and is ta en up by the air.` The carbu'reted air then enters the heating device, and subsequently enters the mixing round the floating valve y', and passes to the engine by the induction pipe fw. The lift of the valve by raising the pin n controls the annular aperture 0, through which the liquid fuel passes, and therefore controls the fuel supply.

v The main air supply when the throttle is fully opened, amounting say to 20 per cent.

chamber f, passes PatenteaDee.' 2, 1913.

to- 25 per cent. of the air required, passes l the orifice of the jet or spray at right angles lat a high velocity, insuring relatively complete atomizationof the fuel.

The casing ais provided with a cylindrical extension 2, in which rides a balancing piston 3 Aopen to atmospheric pressure on' the upper side and to the suction of the engine on the other side. This cylinder and lpiston could he used as a dashpot if desired Should the in place of the dashpot g r. dashpot be placed at the upper end, then the tapered pin n may work into, a chamber 4 as shown in Fig. 4. It will be observed that in the form shown in Fig 1 the fuel passes necessarily through perforations a in the dashpot, and it is important that the total cross sectional area of the ports or the amount of the leak around the piston shall exceed the maximum jet area .to avoid starving' the same.

The lifting valve y' is `in the form of a sleeve', and is provided with ports 7 which are wider at their upper ends than at their lower ends. The ports are so proportioned that on any rise c-f the valve and consequent enlargement of the fuel inlet, the passa-.ges through the valve are opened proportionately to the increase -infuel supply, and constancy of This valve acts as a damper and With its mixture is better maintained.

the throttle use it is possible to dispense with the dashpot when used with cert-ain types of engines.

The auxiliary air supply g is or may be regulatedwith the throttle lever. A valve may be provided to close the Asupply of liquid fuel when desired.

The air supply may be sub-divided so that one part is constant, one part adapted to be regulated independently and one part adapted to be directly connected up to the throttle. The last named may-be so connected to that it only admits air after the throttle has been opened a predetermined amount, say two-thirds open. `The 'constant air 'supply is shown at 8 in the drawings.

.In carbureters constructed and operating as described, the lift of the mixture valve is determined by the flow of air through or past it, no matter whether the air l'is drawn through the main air inlet only, or through the main and auxiliary inlets, and therefore the mixture strength remains relatively constant, irrespective of the position of the auxiliary air inlet valve. It will therefore be seen that in a carbureter made in' accordance with this invention, the strength of the mixture can be maintained constant whatlao ' ldifferent viscosity or volatility are so disposed that ever may be the position of the throttle'or the additional air supply valve. Thus, when the demand of the engine is such that the necessary amount of -.gas cannot be drawn through the main air inlet, the auxiliary air valve is opened by hand or other- Wise, and the addi-tional amount of gas owing through the valve increases its lift, and in consequence, the fuel inlet is enlarged, but although as a result the air entering by the main inlet becomes too highly carbureted to form a good explosive mixture, the richness of the mixture is corrected in the chamber below the lifting valve by the additional auxiliary air.

he pressure of the fuel is or may be under the control of the driver, so thatconsistent results may be obtained with fuel of or under, difby altering is thereforel ferent atmospheric conditions th" pressure. N o float chamber required.

In a carbureter as described above, the parts acceleration always takes place on a weak mixtilre, with the result that no smoke is emitted from the exhaust when working on heavy fuel, as is likely to occur when accelerating on a strong mixture. j l

The vaporizer being disposed between the jet or spray and the chamber below the liftingvalve, there is an immediate weakening of the'mixture in the chamber on opening the throttle, and auxiliary air supply-valve, andthe weak mixture 1s continued to be supplied until the column of ca-rbureted air in the vaporizer at the time of opening the throttle has been consumed and replaced by the richer charge consequent on the additional lift of the air valve and pin due to the opening of the ,auxiliary air valve.

In the form above described the fuel supply has been indicated as controlled by a needle valve, but vit will bc understood that a hollow sleeve or other suitable device may readily be substituted therefor. In some cases forced induction may be employed.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent'is:

1. A carbureter comprising the combination of a easing, a valve seat iny the casing, a floating valve disposed above the valve seat a mixing chamberbelow the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which .the tapered pin passes, an air inlet and passage` disposed between the mixing chamberand the fuel reservoir said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heating the air on its way to the mixing chamber, and means for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure.

2. A carbureter `comprising the combination of a casing, a valve 4seat in the casing, a cylindrical extension tothe casing above the seat, a fioating valve disposed between the valve seat and cylindrical extension. a piston on said valve working in the cylindrical extension, a mixingchamber below the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes, an air inlet and passage disposed between thc mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir, saidpassage traversing the pin attached to the. valve at right angles. a. carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heating the'air between on its way 'to the mixing chamber, and means for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure.

3. A carbureter comprising the combination of a. casing, a valve seat in the casing, a cylindrical extension to the casing above the seat, a floating valve disposed in the casing between the valve seat and cylindrical extension, a piston on said valve and working in the cylindrical extension, a guide in the casing below the valve seat and disposed axially of the valve, astem to the valve working in the guide, a mixing chamber below the valve scat, a

fuel reservoir disposed "below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having anl orifice disposed axially of the valve an'l into which .tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a.

un L.

' l .1t-,omen

the tapered pin passes, an air inlet and passage disposed between the mixing chamber4 and the fuel reservoir said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber, and means for heating the air between on its way to the mixingchamber, and means for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure.

4. A carbureter comprising the combination of a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a floating valve disposed above the valve seat, a mixing chamber below the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered'pin passes,

an air inlet Yand passage disposed betweenV the mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve at rightangles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heating the air between on its way to the mixing chamber, means for admitting a constant air supply and a valve 4on the mixing chamber for controlling a further. supply of auxiliary air to the mixing chalnber and means for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure.

5. A carbureter comprising the combination of a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a cylindrical extension to the casing above the. seat, a fioating valve disposed in the casing between the valve seat and cylindrical extension, a piston on said valve and working in the cylindrical extension, and open to atmosphere pressure on its upper side a guide in the casing below the valve seat and disposed axially of the valve, a stem to the valve working in the guide, a mixing chamber ybelow the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes, an air inlet and passage disposed between the mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber, and means for heating the air between on its way to the mixing chamber, a valve on the mixing chamber for controlling the supply of auxiliary air to the mixing chamber and means for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber un? der pressure.

6.l A carbureter comprising the combina.

tion of a casing, a valve seat'ln the'casing, a floating valve disposed above the valve seat, a mixingl chamber below the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extendingl downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes, a piston on said pin working in said reservoir and forming@ dashpot, an air inlet and passage disposed between the mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve at right angles, a carbureted ai;l inlet to the mixing chamber and means or heating the air between on its way to'the mixing chamber, and means fo-r supplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure.

' 7. A carbureter comprising the combination of a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a cylindrical extension to the casing above the seat, a floating valve disposed between the valve seat and cylindrical extension, a piston on said valve working in the cylindrical extension, a mixing chamber below the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a. fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes,

a piston on said p1n working on said reservoir and forming a dashpot', an air inlet and passage disposed between the mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir, said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve 'at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heating the air between on its way to the mixing chamber, and means for supplying fuel to the V fuel chamber under pressure.

8. A carbureter comprising the combination of a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a floating valve disposed above the valve seat., the floating valve being provided with ports of varying width -through which the` mixture passes so that the port area open for the passage of the mixture vis more or less proportioned to the opening of the fuel supply device, a mixing chamber belowV the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes, an air inlet and passage disposed between the mixing chamber and the fuel res- .ervoir said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve at right angles, a car# bureted air inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heat-ing the air between on its way to the mixing chamber, and means for stipplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure.

9. A carburetor comprising the combination of a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a cylindrical extension to the casing above the seat, a floatinof valve disposed in'the casing between the vaslve seat and cylindrical extension, the fioating valvebeing provided with ports of varying width through which the mixture passes so that the port area open for ally of the nation of a casing,

the passage of the mixture is more or less proportioned to the opening of the fuel supply device, a piston on said valve and working in the cylindrical extension, a guide in the casing below the valve seat and disposed laxially of the valve, a stem to the valve the pin' attached to the valve at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber, and means for heating the air between o-n its way tothe mixing chamber, and means for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure.

10. A carbureter comprisingthe combination of a casing, a valve seat in the casing, a cylindrical extension to the casing above the seat, a floating valve disposed between the valve seat and cylindrical extension, thel floating valve being provided with ports of varying width through which the mixture passes so that the port area open for the passage of the mixture is more or less pre portioned to the opening of the fuel supply device, a piston on said valve working in the cylindrical extension, a mixin chamber below the valve seat, a tapered pm attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir ,fdisposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axivalve and into which the tapered p1n passes,a piston on said pin working in said reservoir and forming a dashpot an air inlet and passage disposed between the mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir, said passagetraversing the pin attached to the valve at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heating the air between on its way to the ymixing chamber, and means for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber underA pressure.

11. A earbureter comprising the combia valve seat in the casing, a cylindrical extension to the casing above the seat, a floating valve disposed between the valve floating valve being provided with ports of varying'width through which the mixture passes so that the port area open for the passage of the mixture is more or less proporticned to the opening of the fuel supply device,'a piston on said valve'working in the cylindrical extension, a mixing chamber below the valve seat,'a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disseat and cylindrical extension, 'the' posed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes, a piston on'said pin working in said reservoir and forming a dashpot, an air inletand passage disposed between the mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir, said passage traversing the pin attached to the valve at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heating the air between on its way to the mixing chamber, means for admitting a constant air supply and a. valve' on the mixing chamber for controlling a further supply of auxiliary air to the mixing chamber, and means for supplying fuel to Athe fuel chamber under pressure.

l2. A carburetor comprising the combination of a casing, a valve seat in the easing, a cylindrical extension to the casing above the seat, a floating valve disposed in the casing between the valve seat and cylindrical extension, the floating valve being provided with ports of varying width through which the mixture passes/so that the port 1s more or less proportioned to the opening of the fuel supply device, a piston on said valve and working iu the cylindrical extension, a guide in the casing below the valve seat and disposed axially of the valve, a stem to the valve working in the guide, a mixing chamber below the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, a fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes, an air inlet and passage disposed bet 7een the mixing chamber and the fuel reservoir said passage traversing the pin attached to .he valve at right angles, a carbureted air inlet to the mixing chamber, and means for heating the air between on its way to the mixing chamber, means for admitting a constant air supply and a valve on the mixing cham- Vber for controlling a further supply of aux- .iliary air to the mixing chamber, and means e for supplying fuel to the fuel chamber under pressure. p

13. A earbureter comprising the combination cf a casing, a valve seat in thecasing, a floating valve disposed above the valve seat. the floating valve being provided with ports of varying width through which the mixture passes so that the port area open for the passage of the mixture is more or less proportioned to the opening of the fuel supply device, a mixing chamber below the valve seat, a tapered pin attached to valve and extending downward, la fuel reservoir disposed below the mixing chamber, said reservoir having an orifice disposed axially of the valve and into which the tapered pin passes, anV air inlet and passage disposed between the mixing chamber and the fuel area open for the passage of the mixture reservoir Said passage traversing the pin at# tached to the valve at right angles, a carbul'eted air' inlet to the mixing chamber and means for heating the air between on 'its way to the mixing chamber, meansl for admitting a constant air supply and a val-ve en the mixing chamber for controlling the supply of auxiliary aiil t0 the mixing chainber said valve being connected to the threttle and means Tor supplying fuel to 10 the fuel chamber under pressure.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CYRIL CLARKE 'BOVILLE MORRIS. lVitnesses ROBERT MILTON SPEARPOINT,

O. J. WORTH. 

